I hate to break it to you, but designers don’t follow a secret rule 
book. There are no hard and fast laws governing what we do. We are 
creative types by nature and love to imagine, dream and explore, 
following our intuition. That said, there are some rough principles that
 guide us to ensure a great result every time. They are just tried and 
true things that work. And these aren’t tricks or skills that take years
 to master. Anyone can do them from day one. Consider this a foundation 
for developing your own quirky, creative, rule-breaking intuition. 
 
1. Pick the paint color last. I
 get calls all the time from homeowners who want to pick a paint color 
before they move in. I get the logic. Why not arrive to walls with a 
fresh coat of paint? Of course you can do it this way, but in my opinion
 it’s not ideal. 
There are thousands of paint colors with 
various tints, tones and shades. And each one looks different from home 
to home, because light sources vary, meaning what looks good in your 
current home might not in your new one. You want the color that best 
complements your upholstery, artwork, rug and whatever else. You can 
pick that color only if your stuff is actually inside your home.
 
 
2. Give your furniture some breathing room. Resist
 overcrowding a room. Gracious living means space to maneuver with ease.
 This is really great news if you are working with a tight budget. You 
don’t need to fill up a space with lots of furniture. Spend more of your
 budget on fewer but better-quality pieces, and your room will look 
better than if it’s stuffed to the gills with flea market finds. The 
high-backed chairs shown here, for example, stand out because they don’t
 have to fight for attention.
 
 
3. Hang artwork at the right height. Galleries
 and museums hang artwork so that the midline (center) of each piece is 
57 inches to 60 inches from the floor. (The average human eye level is 
57 inches.) And you should do the same. 
In a room like this, 
where the ceilings soar, there might be a tendency to hang the art 
higher. But remember: It needs to relate to human scale, not the structure’s scale.
If
 you’re not sure, take a picture. It’s remarkable how much a photo can 
reveal. Print it out or use Photoshop or an app to draw on the photo. 
This can give you a sense of whether a larger or smaller piece of art is
 needed or a tall plant might be best to fill a vacant spot. 
 
 
4. Know how to arrange furniture on a rug. There are basically three ways you can arrange furniture on your rug. 
All on:
 The rug is large enough to place all of the furniture legs on top of 
it. This creates a more luxurious feel. For this, bigger is better. Just
 be sure to leave at least 12 to 18 inches of floor surface on all four 
sides of the rug’s borders. 
All off: If you have a small 
room, keeping all legs off the rug is a great cost-effective choice. 
You don’t want to pick too small a rug, though, or it may look 
insignificant, like an afterthought. The rug should appear as though it 
could touch the front legs of each of the seating pieces. This approach 
is best suited when you’re layering a pattern over a larger solid or 
textured rug.
 
 
Front on: Put just the 
front feet of all your seating pieces on the rug to tie the arrangement 
together visually and create a well-defined space while lending a 
feeling of openness. 
 
 
5. Resist the urge to be too theme-y. For
 example, the Cape Cod look is a very popular request. You know the 
hallmarks: beadboard, a blue and white nautical palette, some sailboat 
paintings. But this has been done so many times, it lacks individuality.
 In this room the coastal vibe was achieved through a palette, artwork 
and materials that give the effect without drawing on the obvious 
clichés.
 
 
6. Create a focal point. There
 are leading roles and supporting cast members in any production. The 
same holds true in design. Choose your star and make it the focal point 
to anchor a room. Allow other items to take a secondary role. Don’t ask everything to have a leading role; it will just result in visual noise. 
Your
 focal point might be a dramatic hood in the kitchen, a mantel and art 
piece in the living room or a headboard in the bedroom. Whatever it is, 
choose something that will draw attention. In this room the fireplace 
and the lighting work together as a collective focal point, bringing 
your eye right to the center of the composition and anchoring it there.
 
 
7. Consider sight lines. Your
 focal point should be free and clear from one room to the next, so that
 it feels like you’re being drawn between them. That’s why the best spot
 for a focal point is usually directly across from the entrance to the 
room. 
Here a seating arrangement around artwork draws the viewer into the room because the sight line is clear.
 
 
8. Edit your collectibles. Don’t
 hang on to a piece that just doesn’t fit. I don’t care if your 
great-aunt Sally gave it to you. If it’s not working for you, then find a
 new home for it (maybe in a different room).
The unifying theme 
here is the use of black in the utilitarian pieces. The balance is 
almost perfect. It reminds me of something 
Coco Chanel said about accessorizing: “Before you leave the house, look in the mirror and take one thing off.” In design, know when to stop.
What to Let Go and What to Keep 
 
 
9. Vary the scale. What 
looks good in the store may look like an elephant in the room when you 
bring it home. Or it’s too tiny to be of any significance. So always 
vary scale and proportion. 
The oversize sunburst mirror frame 
fills up the wall space nicely here, while the sand dollars make an 
interesting grouping below. They would be much too insignificant 
individually. Threes and fives make for more pleasing arrangements than 
even numbers.
 
 
10. Add layers of lighting. In
 this kitchen seating area, the backsplash is lit, the artwork is 
highlighted and the cabinet interiors are filled with light. One central
 lighting fixture would not have had nearly the same dramatic result.
Professionals
 build layers of lighting to create interest, intrigue and variety. In a
 room where everything is lit evenly, nothing stands out. Pick a focal 
point and perhaps a secondary focal point and highlight those. Add 
general ambient lighting and some lower lighting, like table lamps, for 
interest.
5 Questions to Ask for the Best Room Lighting 
 
 
11. Be bold. Personality 
is what makes a space great. Make your own statement and have fun. The 
more you try, the more you will begin to see what works and what 
doesn’t. 
Incorporate unexpected elements for drama. The 
unconventional ottoman seats, library-style bookshelves and oversize 
chandelier here are all unexpected in a conventional living room, but 
the result has charisma. Eschew expected pieces and interpretations if 
you want a room that will really wow.
 
 
12. Ignore all principles in favor of creativity. Having some guidelines
 gives
 people a good starting point for furnishing and decorating their home, 
even if some of them aren’t practical for a particular space.
Go 
with something personal that makes you smile and, above all, is 
comfortable. Overly designed rooms don’t really translate in modern 
life. A pillow collection and an art arrangement that are seemingly 
haphazard, as shown here, create a dressed-down look with plenty of 
style.